Table 5 HRsa and 95%cis of depressive symptoms and glaucoma associated with the intensity of PA stratified by long-term exposure to PM2.5.

From: PM2.5 exposure modifies the association of physical activity with depressive symptoms and glaucoma in middle aged and elderly Chinese

Outcome

Average PA intensity (MET)

P for trend

Light

(<3.0)

Moderate

(3.0-<6.0)

Vigorous

(>6.0)

Low PM2.5 (<35 µg/m3)

    

Depressive symptoms

1.00

0.81 (0.70–0.94)

0.75 (0.61–0.91)

0.047

Glaucoma in participants with depressive symptoms

1.00

1.38 (0.78–2.44)

0.86 (0.41–1.78)

0.186

Glaucoma in participants without depressive symptoms

1.00

0.96 (0.60–1.52)

0.88 (0.47–1.62)

0.076

High PM2.5 (>35 µg/m3)

    

Depressive symptoms

1.00

0.92 (0.83–1.02)

0.99 (0.86–1.17)

0.931

Glaucoma in participants with depressive symptoms

1.00

1.25 (0.67–2.33)

1.81 (0.86–3.81)

0.070

Glaucoma in participants without depressive symptoms

1.00

1.63 (0.75–3.54)

2.08 (0.92–4.70)

0.667

  1. aCox proportional hazard model, and adjusted for age, sex, education level, marital status, residence, body mass index, disability in activities of daily living, chronic disease, smoking status, drinking status, living standard, heating fuel, cooking fuel, temperature, and both PM2.5 and PA volume (for the association with PA intensity).
  2. Abbreviations: HRs, hazard ratios; CIs, confidence intervals; PA, physical activity; PM2.5, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm; MET, metabolic equivalent; µg/m3, micrograms per cubic meter.
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