Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Integrating metagenomics and metabolomics to study the gut microbiome and host relationships in sports across different energy systems

Fig. 1The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Overview of the integrative omics workflow for studying the gut microbiota and host metabolism in athletes and summarizing the multistep process from sample collection to data integration, providing a holistic view of the experimental approach used to investigate the interplay between the gut microbiota and host metabolism in athletes. (a) Sample collection and analytical techniques; this section illustrates the different omics approaches employed in the study. (b) Data processing and feature extraction outline the transformation of raw sequences and data into usable features for analysis. In metagenomics, raw sequence data are generated, whereas in metabolomics and lipidomics, feature extraction is performed to identify specific metabolites and lipids from chromatographic data. (c) Data integration and analysis showing the integration of different omics data. The artwork was created via Biorender. GP: glycerophospholipid; AA: amino acids; OC: organic compounds; TG: triglycerides; GPC: glycerophosphocholine; ST: sterols. Created in BioRender. Aya, V. (2025) https://BioRender.com/bgs45e5.

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