Fig. 2

Schematic overview of the multi-stage risk classifier. Step 1 begins with PSA screening, followed by the integration of four significant laboratory biomarkers (Step 2), the addition of clinical parameters (Step 3), and finally MRI findings (Step 4). Each step refines the risk assessment and guides decisions about further imaging or biopsy. DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DRE digital rectal examination, PSA prostate-specific antigen, PSAD prostate-specific antigen density, SHBG sex hormone binding globulin.