Table 3 Susceptible-reservoir infections with the highest risk of a host-shift event in each continent. Only RVVs that are active on the continent are included on these lists. Known HSE indicates that the susceptible-reservoir infection has a documented host-shift event. Scientific names for susceptible species can be found in dataset S1. Various species of skunk are suspected to play a role in the maintained transmission of skunk-associated RVVs in North America, so susceptible-reservoir infections where both species are skunks are excluded from results. *Species actively maintains an RVV (not necessarily the RVV in the listed susceptible-reservoir infection) on the continent.
From: A logistic regression model to predict the next rabies virus host-shift event
Susceptible species | Variant | RR | Known HSE |
|---|---|---|---|
North and Central America | |||
Coyote | Canine-associated | 187.0 | ✓ |
Arctic Fox* | Canine-associated | 100.6 | ✓ |
Gray wolf | Canine-associated | 70.4 | |
Bush dog | Canine-associated | 63.1 | |
Striped skunk* | Eastern Raccoon | 62.1 | |
Coati* | Eastern Raccoon | 47.7 | |
Coyote | Arctic Fox | 42.7 | |
Coyote | Arizona/Mexico Gray Fox | 42.2 | |
Red fox | Canine-associated | 38.3 | ✓ |
Kit fox | Arctic Fox | 37.6 | |
Gray Fox* | Canine-associated | 36.2 | ✓ |
Swift fox | Arizona/Mexico Gray Fox | 26.4 | |
Swift fox | Canine-associated | 26.4 | |
Crab-eating raccoon | Eastern Raccoon | 25.0 | |
Kit fox | Arizona/Mexico Gray Fox | 24.1 | |
Kit fox | Canine-associated | 24.1 | |
Hooded skunk* | Eastern Raccoon | 23.3 | |
Coyote | Eastern Raccoon | 22.1 | |
Hooded skunk* | Yucatan Coati | 21.5 | |
Red fox | Eastern Raccoon | 20.0 | |
South America | |||
Culpeo | Canine-associated | 100.9 | |
Maned wolf | Canine-associated | 88.8 | |
Pampas fox | Canine-associated | 78.3 | |
Argentinian gray fox | Crab-eating Fox | 64.6 | |
Bush dog | Canine-associated | 63.1 | |
Argentinian gray fox | Brazil Hoary Fox | 60.7 | |
Argentinian gray fox | Canine-associated | 52.5 | |
Gray Fox | Crab-eating Fox | 38.7 | |
Crab-eating fox* | Canine-associated | 38.5 | ✓ |
Hoary fox* | Canine-associated | 36.5 | ✓ |
Gray Fox | Canine-associated | 36.2 | |
Culpeo | Crab-eating Fox | 35.5 | |
Culpeo | Brazil Hoary Fox | 33.2 | |
Pampas fox | Crab-eating Fox | 26.6 | |
Pampas fox | Brazil Hoary Fox | 24.9 | |
Bush dog | Crab-eating Fox | 17.9 | |
Bush dog | Brazil Hoary Fox | 16.7 | |
South american coati | Crab-eating Fox | 13.0 | |
South american coati | Canine-associated | 12.1 | |
Hoary fox | Crab-eating Fox | 11.6 | |
Africa | |||
African wild dog | Canine-associated | 134.8 | |
Side-striped jackal* | Canine-associated | 97.9 | ✓ |
Black-backed jackal* | Canine-associated | 79.6 | ✓ |
Red fox | Black-backed Jackal | 42.0 | |
Red fox | Side-striped Jackal | 42.0 | |
Bat-eared fox* | Black-backed Jackal | 41.1 | |
Bat-eared fox* | Side-striped Jackal | 41.1 | |
Red fox | Canine-associated | 38.3 | |
Bat-eared fox* | Canine-associated | 37.5 | ✓ |
Cape fox | Black-backed Jackal | 33.6 | |
Cape fox | Cape fox | 33.6 | |
Side-striped jackal* | Black-backed Jackal | 30.8 | |
Cape fox | Canine-associated | 30.6 | |
Black-backed jackal* | Side-striped Jackal | 24.3 | |
Side-striped jackal* | Bat-eared Fox | 19.8 | |
African clawless otter | Canine-associated | 16.6 | |
Black-backed jackal* | Bat-eared Fox | 15.5 | |
Tenrec | Black-backed Jackal | 10.2 | |
Tenrec | Side-striped Jackal | 10.2 | |
Red fox | Bat-eared Fox | 10.0 | |
Asia | |||
Dhole | Canine-associated | 159.8 | |
Arctic Fox* | Raccoon Dog | 115.8 | |
Arctic Fox* | Canine-associated | 100.6 | ✓ |
Arctic Fox* | Golden Jackal | 99.5 | |
Raccoon dog* | Canine-associated | 95.1 | ✓ |
Raccoon dog* | Golden Jackal | 94.0 | |
Golden jackal* | Canine-associated | 75.3 | ✓ |
Gray wolf | Canine-associated | 70.4 | ✓ |
Dhole | Golden Jackal | 49.8 | |
Corsac fox | Eurasian Red Fox | 45.5 | |
Red fox* | Raccoon Dog | 45.2 | |
Corsac fox | Arctic Fox | 44.7 | |
Arctic Fox* | Eurasian Red Fox | 40.8 | |
Dhole | Raccoon Dog | 38.9 | |
Red fox* | Canine-associated | 38.3 | ✓ |
Red fox* | Golden Jackal | 37.8 | |
Corsac fox | Raccoon Dog | 36.4 | |
Corsac fox | Canine-associated | 30.8 | |
Corsac fox | Golden Jackal | 30.4 | |
Raccoon dog* | Arctic Fox | 29.1 | |
Europe | |||
Arctic Fox* | Raccoon Dog | 115.8 | |
Arctic Fox* | Golden Jackal | 99.5 | |
Corsac fox | Eurasian Red Fox | 45.5 | |
Red fox* | Raccoon Dog | 45.2 | |
Corsac fox | Arctic Fox | 44.7 | |
Arctic Fox* | Eurasian Red Fox | 40.8 | |
Red fox* | Golden Jackal | 37.8 | |
Corsac fox | Raccoon Dog | 36.4 | |
Corsac fox | Golden Jackal | 30.4 | |
Golden jackal* | Raccoon Dog | 14.7 | |
Red fox* | Arctic Fox | 14.4 | |
Golden jackal* | Arctic Fox | 13.5 | |
Golden jackal* | Eurasian Red Fox | 13.3 | |
European polecat | Raccoon Dog | 7.1 | |
European polecat | Arctic Fox | 6.6 | |
European polecat | Eurasian Red Fox | 6.5 | |
European polecat | Golden Jackal | 6.4 | |
Marbled polecat | Raccoon Dog | 5.6 | |
Wild cat | Golden Jackal | 5.5 | |
Marbled polecat | Arctic Fox | 5.1 | |
