Table 4 Comparative analysis of proposed optimization.

From: Optimizing diabetic retinopathy detection with electric fish algorithm and bilinear convolutional networks

Models

Test

ACC

Precision

Recall

F1-score

EFO

80−20%

93.79

94.01

92.00

95.13

70−30%

84.37

86.69

84.37

88.18

AVOA

80−20%

87.74

89.72

86.14

93.53

70−30%

66.20

63.22

66.20

78.10

EFAOA

80−20%

93.33

95.41

92.33

93.67

70−30%

87.89

89.42

88.64

85.46

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