Table 2 Formulas for the performance metrics applied in this study.
From: Machine learning-based prediction of heating values in municipal solid waste
Index | Equation |
|---|---|
Mean absolute error | \(MAE = \frac{{\mathop \sum \nolimits_{i = 1}^{N} \left| {act_{i} - pre_{i} } \right|}}{N}\quad \quad (2)\) |
Mean square error | \(MSE = \frac{1}{N}\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{n} \left( {act_{i} - pre_{i} } \right)^{2} \quad \quad (3)\) |
R-squared | \(R^{2} = \left( {\frac{{\mathop \sum \nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} \left( {act_{i} - \overline{act} } \right)\left( {pre_{i} - \overline{pre} } \right)}}{{\sqrt {\mathop \sum \nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} \left( {act_{i} - \overline{act} } \right)^{2} \mathop \sum \nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} \left( {pre_{i} - \overline{pre} } \right)^{{2{ }}} } }} } \right)^{2} \left( 4 \right)\) |
Mean absolute percentage error | \(MAPE = \frac{1}{N}\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{n} \left| {\frac{{act_{i} - pre_{i} }}{{act_{i} }}} \right| \times 100 \quad \quad (5)\) |
