Table 2 Characteristics of bitumen.
Performance properties | ASTM standard | Test temperature | Unit | Regulation limits | Values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Min | Max | |||||
Flash point | D-92 | – | (°C) | 230 | – | 304 |
Viscosity | D-4402 | 135 | (Pa.s) | – | 3 | 0.33 |
G*/sinδ | D-7175 | 64 | (kPa) | 1 | – | 1.78 |
Residue of rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) | ||||||
Weight loss | D-2872 | 163 | (%) | – | 1 | 0.096 |
G*/sinδ | D-7175 | 64 | (kPa) | 2.2 | – | 4.45 |
Residue of pressure aging vessel (PAV) | ||||||
PAV temperature | D-6521 | 100 | (°C) | – | – | – |
G*.sinδ | D-7175 | 28 | (kPa) | – | 5000 | 2650 |
Creep stiffness | D-6648 | −6 | (MPa) | – | 300 | 101 |
m-value | D-6648 | −6 | – | 0.3 | – | 0.341 |
