Fig. 4
From: Growing dune encroachment threatens the habitability of the western Nile riverbank

Surface physical properties of the west El Minya area (Processed by using ArcGIS 10.5). (a) Soil moisture (ESA CCI SM v03.2), (b) Soil factor (SoiFa), (c) Vegetation density (ESA CCI Land Cover Africa 2016), (d) Vegetation factor classification, (e) Land cover (ESA CCI Land Cover 2016), and (f) Land factor classifications.