Table 2 Multivariable-adjusted intakes of selected nutrients and food groups of study participants across tertiles of DPI1.

Energy, kcal

2158.81 ± 51.71

2296.68 ± 50.58

2358.71 ± 52.65

0.03

Protein, % of E

14.42 ± 0.22

14.48 ± 0.21

13.87 ± 0.22

0.11

Carbohydrate, % of E

58.69 ± 0.61

59.91 ± 0.59

63.79 ± 0.62

< 0.001

Fat, % of E

28.11 ± 0.51

27.49 ± 0.50

25.10 ± 0.52

< 0.001

Saturated fatty acid, gr

24.34 ± 0.59

22.55 ± 0.58

20.05 ± 0.60

< 0.001

Vitamin C, mg

134.99 ± 6.66

191.16 ± 6.49

267.36 ± 6.77

< 0.001

Pyridoxine, mg

1.55 ± 0.04

1.79 ± 0.03

2.06 ± 0.04

< 0.001

Vitamin E, mg

6.51 ± 0.24

6.92 ± 0.23

7.15 ± 0.24

0.18

Folate, mcg

281.47 ± 7.93

346.66 ± 7.73

395.96 ± 8.06

< 0.001

Iron, mg

18.49 ± 0.31

17.78 ± 0.30

17.14 ± 0.31

0.01

Calcium, mg

884.33 ± 28.50

955.81 ± 27.76

921.04 ± 28.97

0.20

Total fiber, gr

16.02 ± 0.39

20.81 ± 0.38

26.57 ± 0.39

< 0.001

Sodium, mg

3887.92 ± 194.47

3930.57 ± 189.44

3504.16 ± 197.65

0.26

Food groups

Vegetables, g

252.80 ± 16.64

323.97 ± 16.21

454.88 ± 16.91

< 0.001

Fruits, g

332.74 ± 20.25

531.80 ± 19.72

794.54 ± 20.58

< 0.001

Dairy, g

311.42 ± 20.27

337.13 ± 19.74

295.83 ± 20.60

0.34

Whole grains, g

118.88 ± 6.12

108.05 ± 5.96

108.31 ± 6.22

0.37

Refined grain, g

328.71 ± 11.79

280.52 ± 11.49

209.62 ± 11.99

< 0.001

Nuts and legumes, g

38.19 ± 2.81

56.97 ± 2.74

57.68 ± 2.85

< 0.001

Red and processed Meat, g

73.48 ± 3.43

70.59 ± 3.34

59.27 ± 3.49

0.01

White meat, g

40.54 ± 2.54

35.18 ± 2.47

40.57 ± 2.58

0.21