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Bioinspired STHVO based MPPT control for grid connected photovoltaic water pumping systems
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  • Published: 08 January 2026

Bioinspired STHVO based MPPT control for grid connected photovoltaic water pumping systems

  • Abdelkarim Ballouti1,
  • Mohamed Chouiekh1,
  • Hatim Ameziane2,
  • Alia Zakriti1,
  • Youness El Mourabit1,
  • Nebojsa Bacanin3,4,
  • Bosko Nikolic5,
  • Hicham Karmouni6 &
  • …
  • Mohamed Abouhawwash7,8 

Scientific Reports , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article

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We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.

Subjects

  • Energy science and technology
  • Engineering

Abstract

Photovoltaic pumping systems have become a key solution for sustainable water supply, especially in remote and off-grid areas. Yet, their performance often drops under changing solar conditions. To address this, we introduce Spider-Tailed Horned Viper Optimization (STHVO), a novel nature-inspired MPPT technique specifically designed for such applications. A PV generator, a step-up converter, and a radial-flow pump powered by an induction motor are all part of the suggested configuration. The system was subsequently tested under standard irradiance (1000 W/m²) and real-world irradiance variations obtained from the Bni Hadifa region. By achieving 98.92% efficiency, delivering a peak hydraulic power of 72 W, and sustaining a steady 0.65 L/s flow rate, simulation results demonstrate that STHVO performs better than traditional tactics. It also ensures rapid tracking in less than 0.6 s and constant motor speed at 195 rad/s. These outcomes show how the method can enhance solar-powered systems’ energy reliability and water delivery.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

ABC:

Artificial bee colony

AC:

Alternating current

ANN:

Artificial neural network

DC:

Direct current

DTC:

Direct torque control

FLC:

Fuzzy Logic Controller

GWO:

Grey Wolf Optimizer

GMMP:

Global maximum power point

INC:

Incremental conductance

KCL:

Kirchhoff’s law of current

KVL:

Kirchhoff’s law of voltage

MPPT:

Maximum Power Point Tracking

P&O:

Perturb and Observe

PLL:

Phase-Locked Loop

PSO:

Particle swarm optimization

SMPS:

Switched mode power supplies

C:

Capacitance of the capacitor (F)

G:

Irradiance (W/m²)

I:

Input current (A)

Iₘₚₚ:

Current at maximum power point (A)

Isc:

Short-circuit current (A)

Iₛₐₜ:

Inverse saturation current (A)

k:

Boltzmann constant (1.38 × 10⁻²³ J/K)

Ki :

Temperature coefficient of short-circuit current

L:

Inductance of the inductor (H)

n:

Diode ideality factor

Ncell:

Number of cells per module

Pₘₚₚ:

Power at maximum power point (W)

q:

Electron charge (1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C)

Rₛ:

Series resistance (Ω)

T:

Temperature (K)

V:

Voltage (V)

Vₜ:

Thermal voltage = (n·k·T)/q

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National School of Applied Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco

    Abdelkarim Ballouti, Mohamed Chouiekh, Alia Zakriti & Youness El Mourabit

  2. Laboratory of Science and Technology for the Engineer (LaSTI), National School of Applied Sciences, Khouribga, Morocco

    Hatim Ameziane

  3. Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nebojsa Bacanin

  4. Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India

    Nebojsa Bacanin

  5. School of Electrical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia

    Bosko Nikolic

  6. National School of Applied Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco

    Hicham Karmouni

  7. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Abouhawwash

  8. Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Mobility and Logistics (IRC-SML), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Abouhawwash

Authors
  1. Abdelkarim Ballouti
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  2. Mohamed Chouiekh
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  3. Hatim Ameziane
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  4. Alia Zakriti
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  9. Mohamed Abouhawwash
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Contributions

Abdelkarim Ballouti, Mohamed Chouiekh: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Software, Writing original draft.Hatim Ameziane, Alia Zakriti, Youness El Mourabit: Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing.Nebojsa Bacanin, Bosko Nikolic, Hicham Karmouni and Mohamed Abouhawwash: Data curation, Funding acquisition, Resources, Investigation, Visualization.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hicham Karmouni.

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Ballouti, A., Chouiekh, M., Ameziane, H. et al. Bioinspired STHVO based MPPT control for grid connected photovoltaic water pumping systems. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35176-3

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  • Received: 12 October 2025

  • Accepted: 02 January 2026

  • Published: 08 January 2026

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35176-3

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Keywords

  • MPPT
  • Photovoltaic system
  • Bio-Inspired algorithm
  • STHVO
  • Solar pumping
  • Boost converter
  • Grid-Connected system
  • Optimization
  • MATLAB/Simulink
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