Table 3 Comparison of crystal Violet absorption by aged PVC and other adsorbents.

Activated

sewage-sludge derived carbon

9.508 mg/g

⁵²

Lemon-wood activated carbon (ACL)/ACL-Fe₃O₄

23.6/35.3 mg/g

⁵³

Activated carbon from Moringa oleifera waste

469.55 mg/g

⁴⁹

Water-hyacinth based adsorbent

181.818 mg/g

⁵⁴

EDTA-GO functionalized corncob

64.1 mg/g

⁵⁵

Sulfonated-activated-carbon type (S-PPAC)

785.53 mg/g

⁵⁶

GO-based membrane/GO-BP composite

374.53 mg/g

⁵⁷

Sulfonated graphene oxide (GO-SO₃H)

97.65–202.5 mg/g

⁵⁸

Coffee-ground biochar

128.87 mg/g

⁵⁹

Polystyrene MPs

6.25 mg/g

²³

Aged PVC MPs

0.96 mg/g

This Study