Table 1 Trade name, active ingredient and class type and recommended rate of the biocides used.

From: Synergistic activity of sunlight protectants on some biocontrol agents as a new approach to control the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval)

Biocides used

Trade name

Active ingredient

Chemical or biological class

Recommended rate

Bacillus thuringiensis var. Kurstaki.

Dipel 6.4% DF

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk)

Bioinsecticide derived from soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis

476 g/ha.

Spinosad

Tracer 24% SC

Spinosyn A and Spinosyn D

Spinosyns(Biologically derived from Saccharopolyspora spinosa)

119 ml/ha.

Emamectin benzoate

Diacox 5.7% WG

Streptomyces avermitilis

Avermectin (Biologically derived from soil bacterium, Streptomyces avermitilis)

143 g/ha.

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