Table 5 Efficiency evaluation ofHCIA compared to other SOTA models. Optimal results are highlighted in bold.

From: Hierarchical contextual information aggregation for polyp segmentation

Methods

Year

Type

mDice

mIoU

Params

FLOPs

FPS

U-Net

2015

CNN

0.815

0.742

31.0

103.5

54

U-Net++

2018

CNN

0.817

0.740

47.2

377.5

69

PraNet

2020

CNN

0.859

0.844

30.5

13.2

53

Polyp-PVT

2021

Transformer

0.917

0.862

25.1

11.2

53

Transfuse

2021

Transformer

0.920

0.871

26.2

21.8

-

SSFormer

2022

Transformer

0.935

0.890

29.3

19.1

-

APCNet

2023

CNN

0.913

0.859

33.1

16.3

-

SRaNet

2023

CNN

0.921

0.870

24.9

-

-

MGCBFormer

2023

Transformer

0.933

0.887

103.4

91.1

-

PVT-CASCADE

2023

Transformer

0.924

0.875

35.3

15.4

-

CTNet

2024

Transformer

0.917

0.863

44.2

15.2

-

UM-Net

2025

CNN

0.930

0.882

22.8

15.6

50

CTHP

2024

Transformer

0.939

0.891

47.1

54.2

-

Polyp-LVT

2024

Transformer

0.909

0.851

25.1

13.2

-

CAFE-Net

2024

Transformer

0.933

0.889

35.5

16.1

-

Polyp-Mamba

2025

CNN

0.919

0.867

49.5

27.9

-

EFA-Net

2025

CNN

0.914

0.861

27.4

33.2

-

WBANet

2025

Transformer

0.933

0.889

38.5

11.8

-

HCIA(ours)

-

Transformer

0.942

0.894

25.8

13.7

51