Table 5 Ablation experiments.

From: YOLO11-WLBS: an efficient model for pavement defect detection

Baseline

WTConv

LAE

BiFPN

SAM

P

R

F1

mAP@0.5

mAP@0.50–0.95

Para/M

YOLO11m

    

0.853

0.698

0.768

0.797

0.624

20.06

   

0.875

0.720

0.790

0.830

0.663

22.31

 

  

0.859

0.711

0.778

0.813

0.631

13.92

  

 

0.881

0.726

0.796

0.828

0.655

21.64

   

0.867

0.712

0.781

0.831

0.638

20.07

  

0.909

0.754

0.824

0.883

0.675

14.25

 

 

0.911

0.756

0.826

0.881

0.677

25.28

  

0.902

0.748

0.818

0.876

0.665

24.28

 

 

0.896

0.741

0.811

0.866

0.658

14.13

 

 

0.893

0.738

0.809

0.863

0.636

14.10

  

0.887

0.735

0.804

0.860

0.643

21.65

 

0.916

0.814

0.863

0.891

0.685

14.83

 

0.918

0.824

0.866

0.896

0.688

14.57

 

0.919

0.821

0.867

0.892

0.678

14.61

 

0.920

0.818

0.868

0.897

0.692

25.29

0.947

0.895

0.920

0.944

0.703

14.94