Fig. 1

Latitude–longitude distribution of meteorological fields during 27 July 2022. (a, b) Geopotential height (contours, in gpm) and wind speed (vectors and shaded areas, in m s⁻¹) at 300 hPa; (c, d) geopotential height (contours, in gpm) and wind speed (vectors and shaded areas, in m s⁻¹) at 850 hPa. Panels a, c (b, d) correspond to 06:00 UTC (18:00 UTC). The purple star indicates the location of the Imamzadeh Davood flood event.