Fig. 8

850 hPa wind vectors (m s^− 1) and vorticity tendency (× 10⁻⁸ s⁻², color-shaded) on 27 July 2022 at (a) 20:00 UTC, (b) 21:00 UTC, (c) 22:00 UTC, and (d) 23:00 UTC. The location of Imamzadeh Davood is marked with a purple star, and the red rectangle (34.9°–35.7°N, 51.2°–51.8°E) highlights a region of enhanced positive vorticity tendency.