Table 1 Optimization of 2⁵ full factorial CCD based on all combinations of low and high levels of interacting factors.

From: Nutrient-free biorefinery of corn steep water into lactic acid by Bacillus licheniformis OP16-2 under thermo-alkaline conditions with a pilot-scale assessment

Design points		Factors					Responses
Run Order	Point Type	Sugar Conc. (g/L)	Temp. (°C)	Inocula Size (%, v/v)	pH	YE (5 g/L)	Consumed sugar (g/L)	Lactic acid (g/L)	Lactic acid yield (g/g)	Total productivity (g/L/h)
1	1	50	40	10.0	8.0	with	28.5	25.3	0.89	0.26
2	1	110	40	10.0	8.0	with	20.4	17.7	0.87	0.19
3	1	50	50	10.0	8.0	with	28.9	25.0	0.86	0.26
4	1	110	50	10.0	8.0	with	28.3	24.8	0.88	0.26
5	1	50	40	15.0	8.0	with	38.8	35.3	0.91	0.37
6	1	110	40	15.0	8.0	with	49.5	43.3	0.87	0.45
7	1	50	50	15.0	8.0	with	38.3	34.9	0.91	0.36
8	1	110	50	15.0	8.0	with	48.5	42.2	0.87	0.44
9	1	50	40	10.0	9.0	with	28.2	25.1	0.89	0.26
10	1	110	40	10.0	9.0	with	20.2	17.9	0.89	0.19
11	1	50	50	10.0	9.0	with	28.8	25.0	0.87	0.26
12	1	110	50	10.0	9.0	with	28.2	24.9	0.89	0.26
13	1	50	40	15.0	9.0	with	38.9	35.2	0.91	0.37
14	1	110	40	15.0	9.0	with	49.6	43.2	0.87	0.45
15	1	50	50	15.0	9.0	with	38.2	34.8	0.91	0.36
16	1	110	50	15.0	9.0	with	48.6	42.3	0.87	0.44
17	-1	20	45	12.5	8.5	with	18.3	16.5	0.90	0.17
18	-1	140	45	12.5	8.5	with	28.3	24.1	0.85	0.25
19	-1	80	35	12.5	8.5	with	39.5	33.2	0.84	0.35
20	-1	80	55	12.5	8.5	with	49.2	43.5	0.88	0.45
21	-1	80	45	7.5	8.5	with	35.6	31.2	0.88	0.33
22	-1	80	45	17.5	8.5	with	43.6	39.3	0.90	0.41
23	-1	80	45	12.5	7.5	with	28.9	25.3	0.88	0.26
24	-1	80	45	12.5	9.5	with	25.9	22.3	0.86	0.23
25	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.9	75.6	0.95	0.79
26	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.8	75.7	0.95	0.79
27	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.7	75.2	0.94	0.78
28	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.5	74.9	0.94	0.78
29	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.8	74.9	0.94	0.78
30	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.9	75.9	0.95	0.79
31	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	with	79.9	75.2	0.94	0.78
32	1	50	40	10.0	8.0	without	27.8	24.7	0.89	0.26
33	1	110	40	10.0	8.0	without	19.7	17.1	0.87	0.18
34	1	50	50	10.0	8.0	without	28.3	24.3	0.86	0.25
35	1	110	50	10.0	8.0	without	27.6	24.2	0.88	0.25
36	1	50	40	15.0	8.0	without	38.1	34.7	0.91	0.36
37	1	110	40	15.0	8.0	without	48.9	42.7	0.87	0.45
38	1	50	50	15.0	8.0	without	37.6	34.3	0.91	0.36
39	1	110	50	15.0	8.0	without	47.9	41.6	0.87	0.43
40	1	50	40	10.0	9.0	without	27.5	24.5	0.89	0.26
41	1	110	40	10.0	9.0	without	19.5	17.3	0.89	0.18
42	1	50	50	10.0	9.0	without	28.2	24.3	0.86	0.25
43	1	110	50	10.0	9.0	without	27.5	24.3	0.88	0.25
44	1	50	40	15.0	9.0	without	38.2	34.6	0.90	0.36
45	1	110	40	15.0	9.0	without	49.0	42.6	0.87	0.44
46	1	50	50	15.0	9.0	without	37.5	34.2	0.91	0.36
47	1	110	50	15.0	9.0	without	48.0	41.7	0.87	0.43
48	-1	20	45	12.5	8.5	without	17.9	16.1	0.90	0.17
49	-1	140	45	12.5	8.5	without	27.9	23.7	0.85	0.25
50	-1	80	35	12.5	8.5	without	39.1	32.8	0.84	0.34
51	-1	80	55	12.5	8.5	without	48.8	43.1	0.88	0.45
52	-1	80	45	7.5	8.5	without	35.2	30.8	0.87	0.32
53	-1	80	45	17.5	8.5	without	43.2	38.9	0.90	0.41
54	-1	80	45	12.5	7.5	without	28.5	24.9	0.87	0.26
55	-1	80	45	12.5	9.5	without	25.5	21.9	0.86	0.23
56	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	78.7	74.5	0.95	0.78
57	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	78.6	74.6	0.95	0.78
58	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	78.6	75.1	0.95	0.78
59	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	78.5	74.5	0.95	0.78
60	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	78.2	73.9	0.94	0.77
61	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	78.5	74.2	0.95	0.77
62	0	80	45	12.5	8.5	without	79.0	74.5	0.94	0.78

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Table 1 Optimization of 2⁵ full factorial CCD based on all combinations of low and high levels of interacting factors.

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