Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants (n = 34,935).

From: Subjective slow walking speed is associated with locomotive syndrome severity in 34,935 adults undergoing medical checkups

 

Overall (n = 34935)

Fast walking speed (n = 18222)

Slow walking speed (n = 16713)

p value

Female, n (%)

13,991 (40.0)

6667 (36.6)

7324 (43.8)

< 0.001a

Age, years

50.1 ± 9.7

50.9 ± 10.0

49.4 ± 9.4

< 0.001b

Age category, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

<65 years

32,252 (92.3)

16,544 (90.8)

15,708 (94.0)

 

≥65 years

2683 (7.7)

1678 (9.2)

1005 (6.0)

 

Body mass index, kg/m2

23.2 ± 3.6

22.9 ± 3.3

23.4 ± 3.9

< 0.001b

Body mass index category, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

<18.5 kg/m2

2408 (6.9)

1252 (6.9)

1156 (6.9)

 

18.5–24.9 kg/m2

23,214 (66.4)

12,569 (69.0)

10,645 (63.7)

 

≥25.0 kg/m2

9313 (26.7)

4401 (24.2)

4912 (29.4)

 

Current smoker, n (%)

5528 (15.8)

2913 (16.0)

2615 (15.7)

0.387a

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

No/rare

13,246 (37.9)

6395 (35.1)

6851 (41.0)

 

Sometimes

15,629 (44.7)

8462 (46.4)

7167 (42.9)

 

Everyday

6060 (17.3)

3365 (18.5)

2695 (16.1)

 

Exercise habits, n (%)

9268 (26.5)

6160 (33.8)

3108 (18.6)

< 0.001a

Comorbidities, n (%)

    

Cerebrovascular disease

293 (0.8)

136 (0.8)

157 (0.9)

0.053a

Cardiovascular disease

572 (1.6)

275 (1.5)

297 (1.8)

0.052a

Renal disease

119 (0.3)

63 (0.4)

56 (0.3)

0.927a

The GLFS-25 score, point

2.7 ± 4.2

2.3 ± 3.5

3.3 ± 4.8

< 0.001b

The GLFS-25 category, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

Non-LS

31,141 (89.1)

16,720 (91.8)

14,421 (86.3)

 

LS-1

3135 (9.0)

1303 (7.2)

1832 (11.0)

 

LS-2

454 (1.3)

151 (0.8)

303 (1.8)

 

LS-3

205 (0.6)

48 (0.3)

157 (0.9)

 

Two-step test value, point

1.4 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.1

1.4 ± 0.1

< 0.001b

Two-step test category, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

Non-LS

34,108 (97.6)

17,928 (98.4)

16,180 (96.8)

 

LS-1

761 (2.2)

283 (1.6)

478 (2.9)

 

LS-2

59 (0.2)

9 (0.1)

50 (0.3)

 

LS-3

7 (0)

2 (0)

5 (0)

 

Stand-up test category, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

Non-LS

32,243 (92.3)

17,036 (93.5)

15,207 (91.0)

 

LS-1

2604 (7.5)

1156 (6.3)

1448 (8.7)

 

LS-2

84 (0.2)

29 (0.2)

55 (0.3)

 

LS-3

4 (0)

1 (0)

3 (0)

 

Total assessment category, n (%)

   

< 0.001a

Non-LS

28,970 (82.9)

15,659 (85.9)

13,311 (79.6)

 

LS-1

5194 (14.9)

2330 (12.8)

2864 (17.1)

 

LS-2

557 (1.6)

182 (1.0)

375 (2.2)

 

LS-3

214 (0.6)

51 (0.3)

163 (1.0)

 
  1. LS, locomotive syndrome; GLFS-25, the 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale.
  2. aData are expressed as numbers (%) and were compared using Fisher’s exact test.
  3. bData are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and were compared using Student’s t-test.
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