Abstract
In this paper, a novel Frequency Diverse Array–Multiple Input Multiple Output (FDA-MIMO) radar parameter estimation algorithm based on Graph Signal Processing (GSP) is proposed for joint range–angle–velocity estimation. By modeling the FDA-MIMO radar echoes as graph signals and constructing an adjacency matrix that captures the spatial correlations among array elements, the proposed method performs Graph Fourier Transform (GFT) analysis to extract the spectral characteristics of the target signal. The target parameters are then obtained by searching for the spectral peak responses corresponding to the unit eigenvalue of the graph adjacency matrix. The proposed GSP-based FDA-MIMO radar framework provides an efficient and high-precision solution for multi-target parameter estimation, with strong potential for real-time and complex-environment applications.
Data availability
The simulation dataset used in this study was established by the School of Information and Communication, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under licence for the current study and so are not publicly available. The data are, however, available upon request and with the permission of the School of Information and Communication, Guilin University of Electronic Technology. All data used in this paper can be obtained by contacting the authors of this study. For data access requests, please contact Ao Meng at 24022201076@mails.guet.edu.cn or the corresponding author.
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Funding
This work was Supported by Guangxi science and technology department project (Guike AB24010281, Guike AB23075161), Guangxi University Young and Middle-aged Teachers’ Basic Scientific Research Ability Improvement Project (2025KY0259) and the Joint International Research Laboratory of Spatio-temporal Information and Intelligent Location Services (C25GAH27).
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Q.L. , A.M. and K.L. provided the theoretical support for the paper, A.M. and K.L. wrote the main manuscript text, and N.X., X.L., H.C., and K.G. prepared the figures in the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
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Li, Q., Meng, A., Liao, K. et al. A joint range–angle–velocity estimation algorithm for FDA-MIMO radar based on graph signal processing. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-36124-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-36124-x
