Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants in the VSS and healthy Controls.

From: Self-efficacy and quality of life mediate self-reported mental health outcomes in visual snow syndrome

Characteristic

Controls (n = 67)

VSS (n = 64)

p-value

Age, Mean ± SD

30 ± 6

29 ± 7

0.515

Sex, n (%)

  

0.664

Male

32 (47.8%)

33 (51.6%)

 

Female

35 (52.2%)

31 (48.4%)

 

Education, n (%)

  

0.530

High School or below

8 (11.9%)

9 (14.1%)

 

Associate Degree

18 (26.9%)

21 (32.8%)

 

Bachelor’s Degree

32 (47.8%)

30 (46.9%)

 

Master’s Degree or above

9 (13.4%)

4 (6.3%)

 

Self-efficacy

30.6 ± 6.0

23.6 ± 6.2

< 0.001

QOL

73.6 ± 8.8

62.5 ± 9.5

< 0.001

Depression

11(7, 15)

28(21, 34)

< 0.001

Suicidal ideation

5(5, 6)

6(5, 7)

< 0.01

  1. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and were compared using independent t-tests. Categorical variables are presented as n (%) and were compared using Chi-square tests. This figure shows the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of participants in the VSS group and the Healthy Controls group. Significant differences were found in Self-efficacy, QOL, Depression, and Suicidal ideation between the two groups. VSS = Visual Snow Syndrome; QOL = Quality of Life.VSS = Visual Snow Syndrome. QOL = Quality of Life.
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