Table 4 Relationships between quality of life-mediated self-efficacy and depression.

Antecedent	Self-efficacy				QOL				Depression
Antecedent	Coeff.	SE	t	p-value	Coeff.	SE	t	p-value	Coeff.	SE	t	p-value
VSS	-7.034	1.067	-6.591	< 0.001	-5.752	1.597	-3.603	< 0.001	8.020	1.403	5.715	< 0.001
Self-efficacy	-	-	-	-	0.758	0.114	6.651	< 0.001	− 0.488	0.111	-4.404	< 0.001
QOL	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	− 0.389	0.074	-5.248	< 0.001
Constant	37.646	1.676	22.464	< 0.001	56.174	4.806	11.690	< 0.001	46.924	5.788	8.108	< 0.001
	R² = 0.252				R² = 0.459				R² = 0.688
	F = 43.436, p < 0.001				F = 54.316, p < 0.001				F = 93.405, p < 0.001

This figure presents the results of regression analysis to examine the relationships between QOL-mediated self-efficacy and Depression. The analysis involved multiple models: Self-efficacy and QOL as mediators in the relationship between group and Depression. The regression models also include the adjusted R² values and F statistics, with p-values indicating the statistical significance of each path. Coefficients (Coeff.) and standard errors (SE) are presented for each path. VSS = visual snow syndrome; QOL = quality of life; The mediating effect accounted for 49.9% of the total effect (Total effect = 15.754, Mediating effect = 7.734, Indirect/Total = 49.9%).

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