Fig. 4

In vivo fluorescence lifetimes and intensity ratios of for all patients. Violin plots show the lifetimes and intensity ratios of cancer and healthy tissues aggregated from all patients (n = 15). ** denotes p < 0.001 on univariable analysis. The effect size of each FLIm parameter to discriminate between cancer and healthy tissue is depicted in parenthesis. Below the violin plots, the qualitative difference between cancer and healthy mean lifetimes and intensity ratios, respectively, per patient is shown. Negative values mean the spectral feature was lower in cancer, while positive values mean the spectral feature was higher in cancer for that patient.