Fig. 3

Statistical comparison of the TMS-EEG responses from real and sham TMS targeting the left SMA, divided by each condition: a-d. Conditions 1–4 as described in Fig. 1. The topographical plots display the results from the cluster-based t-test, with electrodes composing significant clusters marked as black dots. The cortical models to the right show the results from the cluster-based t-test applied to the source reconstruction, with parcels composing the significant clusters colored by the respective t-values. The time window corresponding to each significant cluster is marked by a shaded gray area on each respective time course plot below. Time course plots on the left show the averaged signal from the electrodes illustrated in the corresponding inlet to the left (the selected electrodes constitute the intersection between the significant clusters of the corresponding conditions); and on the right, averaged from the dipoles in the area marked in orange in the cortical model on the left. The shaded areas around the time course signals correspond to ± 1 standard deviation.