Fig. 3

Trends in eight cardiovascular variables in the two clusters. Trends are shown from time 0 (T1), corresponding to the moment of feces inoculation, through T2, which marks the development of full septic shock. The trends are stretched to have the same duration (refer to the text for details). The lines represent the cluster mean and the shadow areas represent the 95% confidence interval. Cluster 0 is marked in red and cluster 1 in blue. SAP_a: aortic systolic blood pressure; PP_a: aortic pulse pressure; HR: heart rate; CO: cardiac output; FF_a: feedforward gain computed from aortic blood pressure signal; HD_f: harmonic distortion estimated from femoral blood pressure; tau_f: Windkessel time constant \(\:\tau\:\:\)from femoral blood pressure; PPamp_f: pulse pressure amplification estimated with femoral blood pressure.