Fig. 1
From: Effects of applied magnetic fields on the performance of magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters

Comparison of the thruster I–V characteristics at different argon flow rates under various magnetic field configurations: (a) electromagnet configuration with coil current Icoil: 10 A, (b) Icoil: 30 A, (c) Icoil: 40 A, and (d) the permanent magnet configurations. At 750 sccm and 1000 sccm flow rates, the I–V curves are similar. At 500 sccm, voltage increases significantly with coil current. The permanent magnet configuration shows minimal flow rate dependence at discharge currents above 100 A.