Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Costs of maternal care revealed through body condition in Northern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)

Fig. 1The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Marginal effects (black points) of each reproductive stage on eye patch ratio (i.e., body condition) in reproductive-aged female Northern Resident killer whales, as estimated from the model presented in Table 1. Error bars depict 95% confidence intervals (n = 207 whale-by-year observations, 66 individuals). Asterisks indicate reproductive states for which eye patch ratio differed significantly (p < 0.05) from non-pregnant females/females that had unsuccessful pregnancies. Grey points represent annual mean eye patch ratio values for each female measured at each reproductive stage. Points representing individual females that were measured in consecutive years are linked by grey lines, and the black line links marginal effects for each reproductive stage.

Back to article page