Table 3 Top and bottom three scores of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses toward perioperative HBL assessment and management.
Dimension | Top 3 Items | Mean (SD) | Bottom 3 Items | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge | Effects of ice application on perioperative HBL | 4.09 (1.06) | Mastery of perioperative HBL calculation formula | 3.18 (1.28) |
Ecchymosis as a sign of perioperative HBL | 4.03 (1.08) | TCM interpretation of perioperative HBL | 3.24 (1.25) | |
Perioperative HBL-related anemia and complications | 4.03 (1.06) | Epidural vs. general anesthesia in perioperative HBL | 3.44 (1.22) | |
Attitudes | Importance of perioperative HBL knowledge | 4.35 (1.17) | Perioperative HBL assessment increases workload | 2.60 (1.49) |
Nurses’ responsibility to assess perioperative HBL | 4.31 (1.18) | Unclear role in perioperative HBL management | 2.80 (1.45) | |
Need for multidisciplinary collaboration | 4.26 (1.20) | Difficulty identifying perioperative HBL-related anemia | 2.80 (1.45) | |
Practices | Cold compress use per instructions | 3.25 (0.70) | Actively learning perioperative HBL management | 2.41 (0.91) |
Guidance on functional exercise | 3.27 (0.74) | Learning to assess perioperative HBL | 2.34 (0.86) | |
Cooperation with physicians on perioperative HBL | 3.18 (0.76) | Actively calculating perioperative HBL | 2.55 (0.89) |
