Table 6 Demographic characteristic correlations with knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the assessment and management of perioperative HBL in orthopedic patients (N = 456).
Variable | Knowledge | Attitudes | Practices | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency (%) | Mean ± SD | Test results | Effect size | Mean ± SD | Test results | Effect size | Mean ± SD | Test results | Effect size | |
Age | ||||||||||
< 30 years | 133 (29.2) | 110.06 ± 31.09 | F = 7.256 | η² = 0.046 | 49.06 ± 8.80 | F = 8.157 | η² = 0.051 | 38.16 ± 9.57 | F = 3.523 | η² = 0.023 |
30–39 years | 247 (54.2) | 123.53 ± 29.60 | p < 0.001 | Small | 50.06 ± 9.96 | P < 0.001 | Small | 40.62 ± 9.10 | p = 0.015 | Small |
40–49 years | 61 (13.4) | 127.44 ± 32.22 | 54.59 ± 8.95 | 42.23 ± 9.73 | ||||||
≥ 50 years | 15 (3.3) | 124.60 ± 23.57 | 57.87 ± 4.50 | 42.13 ± 6.53 | ||||||
Work experience | ||||||||||
1–5 years | 116 (25.4) | 113.69 ± 30.14 | F = 4.254 | η² = 0.018 | 47.59 ± 9.09 | F = 9.328 | η² = 0.014 | 38.06 ± 9.90 | F = 4.250 | η² = 0.018 |
6–9 years | 95 (20.8) | 119.02 ± 32.90 | p = 0.015 | Small | 50.40 ± 9.16 | p < 0.001 | Small | 40.35 ± 9.90 | p = 0.015 | Small |
≥ 10 years | 245 (53.7) | 123.66 ± 29.95 | 52.16 ± 9.67 | 41.10 ± 9.10 | ||||||
Hospital level | ||||||||||
Third-Level Class A | 261 (57.2) | 130.22 ± 24.54 | F = 41.914 | η² = 0.218 | 50.18 ± 10.26 | F = 1.554 | η² = 0.01 | 42.00 ± 8.10 | F = 15.909 | η² = 0.096 |
Third-Level Class B | 98 (21.5) | 119.53 ± 31.05 | p < 0.001 | Large | 52.23 ± 9.95 | p = 0.200 | Small | 40.60 ± 9.71 | p < 0.001 | Medium |
Second-Level Class A | 78 (17.1) | 93.83 ± 31.77 | 50.74 ± 7.08 | 35.31 ± 10.12 | ||||||
Second-Level Class B | 19 (4.2) | 93.26 ± 24.69 | 48.11 ± 5.65 | 32.74 ± 9.96 | ||||||
Professional title | ||||||||||
Nurse | 50 (11.0) | 104.98 ± 36.01 | F = 7.980 | η² = 0.066 | 47.78 ± 8.83 | F = 9.134 | η² = 0.075 | 36.56 ± 11.87 | F = 4.947 | η² = 0.042 |
Senior nurse | 167 (36.6) | 116.23 ± 32.86 | p < 0.001 | Medium | 49.08 ± 10.06 | p < 0.001 | Medium | 40.03 ± 9.71 | p < 0.001 | Small |
Supervisor nurse | 206 (45.2) | 124.15 ± 26.53 | 51.26 ± 9.21 | 40.33 ± 8.15 | ||||||
Co-chief superintendent nurse | 20 (4.4) | 134.55 ± 22.71 | 59.20 ± 4.53 | 43.85 ± 7.01 | ||||||
Chief superintendent nurse | 13 (2.9) | 143.54 ± 24.97 | 58.38 ± 5.22 | 47.69 ± 8.55 | ||||||
Highest educational attainment | ||||||||||
Associate degree | 55 (12.1) | 107.18 ± 32.54 | F = 10.668 | η² = 0.045 | 46.20 ± 9.91 | F = 10.140 | η² = 0.043 | 37.16 ± 10.90 | F = 9.096 | η²=0.039 |
Bachelor degree | 389 (89.3) | 121.11 ± 30.16 | p < 0.001 | Small | 51.03 ± 9.33 | p < 0.001 | Small | 40.31 ± 9.00 | p < 0.001 | Small |
Postgraduate or above | 12 (2.6) | 148.83 ± 17.79 | 58.00 ± 9.31 | 49.42 ± 5.14 | ||||||
participated in specialized training in orthopedic nursing | ||||||||||
Yes | 51 (11.2) | 138.14 ± 23.67 | t = 5.542 | Cohen’s d = 0.521 | 57.24 ± 8.40 | t = 5.876 | Cohen’s d = 0.553 | 47.75 ± 6.77 | t = 8.105 | Cohen’s d = 0.762 |
No | 405 (88.8) | 117.89 ± 30.93 | p < 0.001 | Medium | 49.80 ± 9.42 | p < 0.001 | Medium | 39.21 ± 9.18 | p < 0.001 | Medium |
