Table 5 Performance of the Naïve Bayes classifier using different resampling techniques, reported as mean ± standard deviation across all benchmark datasets. The table includes evaluation metrics such as AUC, F1-score, G-mean, Recall, and Precision. The proposed Borderline-Shifting Oversampling (BSO) method demonstrates noticeable performance gains over existing resampling methods, indicating its effectiveness in enhancing classification of minority classes while maintaining overall model stability.

From: An approach for handling imbalanced datasets using borderline shifting

Technique

F1-score

G-mean

Precision

Recall

AUC

Without

0.88 ± 0.16

0.52 ± 0.09

0.45 ± 0.05

0.52 ± 0.06

0.81 ± 0.15

NearMiss

0.54 ± 0.11

0.54 ± 0.08

0.55 ± 0.12

0.54 ± 0.08

0.60 ± 0.13

Random Undersampling

0.60 ± 0.12

0.63 ± 0.11

0.61 ± 0.12

0.63 ± 0.11

0.67 ± 0.12

Random Oversampling

0.74 ± 0.12

0.75 ± 0.09

0.76 ± 0.11

0.75 ± 0.09

0.86 ± 0.08

SMOTE

0.75 ± 0.13

0.77 ± 0.09

0.78 ± 0.12

0.77 ± 0.09

0.88 ± 0.06

Borderline SMOTE

0.76 ± 0.14

0.77 ± 0.08

0.78 ± 0.13

0.77 ± 0.08

0.88 ± 0.07

SMOTE Tomek

0.73 ± 0.15

0.75 ± 0.10

0.76 ± 0.13

0.75 ± 0.10

0.86 ± 0.06

SMOTEENN

0.84 ± 0.12

0.85 ± 0.08

0.86 ± 0.10

0.85 ± 0.08

0.92 ± 0.06

Our Approach

0.90 ± 0.03

0.90 ± 0.04

0.90 ± 0.02

0.90 ± 0.04

0.95 ± 0.05