Table 3 Comparison of JTT subtest and total scores.

From: Comparison of low temperature thermoplastic and 3D printed (TPU and PLA) CMC joint stabilization orthoses in healthy participants

JTT

Orthosis Material

Mean Score (± SD)

p-value

J1 writing (s)

TPU (n = 30)

13.38 (2.36)

0.082*

PLA (n = 30)

14.77 (2.06)

TPU (n = 30)

13.38 (2.36)

LTT (n = 30)

15.08 (2.67)

PLA (n = 30)

14.77 (2.06)

LTT (n = 30)

15.08 (2.67)

J2 cards (s)

TPU (n = 30)

6.40 (2.43)

0.001*

PLA (n = 30)

9.01 (2.49)

TPU (n = 30)

6.40 (2.43)

0.212*

LTT (n = 30)

7.44 (2.46)

PLA (n = 30)

9.01 (2.49)

0.085*

LTT (n = 30)

7.44 (2.46)

J3 small objects (s)

TPU (n = 30)

8.65 (3.34)

0.413*

PLA (n = 30)

11.56 (4.82)

TPU (n = 30)

8.65 (3.34)

0.59*

LTT (n = 30)

7.85 (3.25)

PLA (n = 30)

11.56 (4.82)

0.017*

LTT (n = 30)

7.85 (3.25)

J4 simulated feeding (s)

TPU (n = 30)

8.69 (2.13)

0.212*

PLA (n = 30)

9.84 (2.22)

TPU (n = 30)

8.69 (2.13)

0.001*

LTT (n = 30)

10.60 (2.30)

PLA (n = 30)

9.84 (2.22)

0.136*

LTT (n = 30)

10.60 (2.30)

J5 checkers (s)

TPU (n = 30)

3.21 (1.16)

0.331*

PLA (n = 30)

3.10 (0.84)

TPU (n = 30)

3.21 (1.16)

LTT (n = 30)

4.04 (2.09)

PLA (n = 30)

3.10 (0.84)

LTT (n = 30)

4.04 (2.09)

J6 large light objects (s)

TPU (n = 30)

3.75 (0.84)

0.076*

PLA (n = 30)

4.17 (0.93)

TPU (n = 30)

3.75 (0.84)

LTT (n = 30)

3.97 (0.88)

PLA (n = 30)

4.17 (0.93)

LTT (n = 30)

3.97 (0.88)

J7 large heavy objects (s)

TPU (n = 30)

3.80 (0.72)

0.344*

PLA (n = 30)

3.94 (0.96)

TPU (n = 30)

3.80 (0.72)

LTT (n = 30)

4.39 (1.16)

PLA (n = 30)

3.94 (0.96)

LTT (n = 30)

4.39 (1.16)

Total JTT score (s)

TPU (n = 30)

47.91 (6.01)

0.001*

PLA (n = 30)

56.39 (6.36)

TPU (n = 30)

47.91 (6.01)

0.002*

LTT (n = 30)

53.38 (7.07)

PLA (n = 30)

56.39 (6.36)

0.213*

LTT (n = 30)

53.38 (7.07)

  1. SD = standard deviation; JTT = Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test.
  2. TPU= thermoplastic polyurethane, PLA= polylactic acid, LTT = low temperature thermoplastic.
  3. *Overall comparisons among orthoses were performed using the Friedman test. When statistically significant differences were detected, post hoc pairwise comparisons were conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction. Effect sizes (Kendall’s W) are reported in the Results text for significant Friedman tests.
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