Fig. 1

Geographic location and extent of the study area in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. The map shows the administrative layout and spatial coverage of the study area based on the Nanchang Territorial Spatial Master Plan (2021–2035)24. This figure was created using ArcGIS Desktop v10.8 software (https://www.esri.com, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., Redlands, United States).