Table 3 Experimental results of CEC2020 (dim = 20).

From: Enhanced adaptive zebra optimization algorithm optimized kernel extreme learning machine for bankruptcy prediction problems

Function

Metric

PSO

GWO

WOA

SBO

IVYA

AOO

ZOA

EAZOA

F1

Ave

2.2084E+08

1.1113E+09

1.2139E+09

2.3573E+10

8.7484E+08

6.3903E+03

4.7764E+09

2.6920E+03

Std

1.7851E+08

7.9863E+08

6.8718E+08

6.7050E+09

1.3282E+09

4.6791E+03

2.7530E+09

2.9708E+03

F2

Ave

3.5897E+03

2.7906E+03

4.3016E+03

6.2792E+03

3.5055E+03

2.8199E+03

3.0473E+03

2.2698E+03

Std

5.1059E+02

5.9788E+02

4.6358E+02

3.0001E+02

5.0170E+02

4.3370E+02

3.3518E+02

4.3515E+02

F3

Ave

8.4519E+02

7.9184E+02

9.5360E+02

1.0866E+03

9.0187E+02

7.8674E+02

8.7220E+02

7.7310E+02

Std

2.1731E+01

2.7527E+01

4.5492E+01

3.9724E+01

4.8875E+01

2.7440E+01

3.6140E+01

1.4945E+01

F4

Ave

2.3328E+03

1.9355E+03

3.2502E+03

5.3707E+05

1.5608E+04

1.9050E+03

8.2425E+03

1.9052E+03

Std

2.0593E+03

5.1625E+01

1.8181E+03

6.6235E+05

4.1912E+04

1.7301E+00

7.6127E+03

2.1698E+00

F5

Ave

5.2460E+05

1.2910E+06

3.1574E+06

9.9879E+06

9.9502E+05

2.0563E+05

8.9433E+05

2.0316E+05

Std

4.1847E+05

1.2714E+06

2.3253E+06

4.8287E+06

6.6317E+05

1.4940E+05

7.7542E+05

1.2893E+05

F6

Ave

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

1.7291E+03

Std

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

9.4191E+01

F7

Ave

1.6631E+05

3.3929E+05

2.1441E+06

5.7326E+06

4.3166E+05

1.3329E+05

2.8589E+05

9.7034E+04

Std

1.0715E+05

5.1288E+05

1.8758E+06

3.6245E+06

4.0795E+05

1.4387E+05

1.8826E+05

0.0000E+00

F8

Ave

3.2844E+03

3.4892E+03

5.0056E+03

5.3879E+03

2.4754E+03

3.5511E+03

3.0919E+03

2.4431E+03

Std

1.5648E+03

1.2070E+03

1.7049E+03

1.0144E+03

6.9024E+02

1.4133E+03

7.7387E+02

0.0000E+00

F9

Ave

2.9318E+03

2.8726E+03

3.0221E+03

3.2234E+03

2.8655E+03

2.8651E+03

3.1693E+03

2.8571E+03

Std

4.6013E+01

3.8375E+01

6.0359E+01

5.9030E+01

3.9676E+01

3.0710E+01

1.3282E+02

2.2649E+01

F10

Ave

2.9732E+03

2.9949E+03

3.1226E+03

5.0931E+03

2.9947E+03

2.9556E+03

3.1716E+03

2.9691E+03

Std

3.4842E+01

3.3530E+01

6.3459E+01

6.7217E+02

6.0856E+01

2.8183E+01

1.8882E+02

2.9666E+01

Ave. rank

4.10

3.90

6.80

7.60

4.60

1.90

5.80

1.30

Friedman

4

3

7

8

5

2

6

1