Table 2 Model fit and quality indices.
Fit indices | Value | Threshold | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|
Average path coefficient (APC) | 0.294 | p < 0.001 | Significant |
Average R-squared (ARS) | 0.367 | p < 0.001 | Moderate explanatory power |
Adjusted average R-squared (AARS) | 0.353 | p < 0.001 | Moderate explanatory power |
Average block VIF (AVIF) | 1.72 | ≤ 5.00 | Acceptable collinearity |
Average full collinearity VIF (AFVIF) | 2.14 | ≤ 5.00 | Acceptable collinearity |
Tenenhaus GoF | 0.496 | ≥ 0.36 (large) | Large effect size |
Sympson’s Paradox Ratio (SPR) | 1.00 | > 0.70 | Ideal |
R-squared Contribution Ratio (RSCR) | 1.00 | > 0.90 | Excellent contribution |
Statistical Suppression Ratio (SSR) | 1.00 | > 0.70 | Ideal |
Nonlinear Bivariate Causality Direction Ratio (NLBCDR) | 0.96 | > 0.70 | Strong predictive relevance |
