Table 2 In-vitro antimicrobial activity of 2017-extracts of E. erinaceus sample against selected groups of various pathogens.

From: First comprehensive GC–MS profile of Echinops erinaceus with antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities and in-silico model

Sample codes Tested microorganisms

1

2

3

4

4-I

4-II

4-III

4-IV

5

6

6-F1

6-F1– Subfr.7

6-F2

6-F3

7

Control

Fungi(b)

Ketoconazole

               

Aspergillus fumigatus

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

14 ± 0.1

–

–

–

–

–

17 ± 0.05

Aspergillus niger

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

17 ± 0.15

–

–

–

–

–

18 ± 0.17

Candida albicans

10 ± 0.2

12 ± 0.05

12 ± 0.05

14 ± 0.05

–

–

–

–

16 ± 0.15

15 ± 0.15

11 ± 0.25

21 ± 0.32

13 ± 0.2

18 ± 0.15

–

20 ± 0.15

Penicillium expansum

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

14 ± 0.26

–

–

–

–

–

22 ± 0.1

Syncephalastrum racemosum

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

11 ± 0.2

–

–

–

–

–

18 ± 0.1

Cryptococcus neoformans

15 ± 0.2

9 ± 0.1

11 ± 0.15

19 ± 0.1

–

–

–

–

21 ± 0.05

22 ± 0.15

8 ± 0.1

26 ± 0.35

10 ± 0.2

17 ± 0.2

–

25 ± 0.05

Candida tropicalis

12 ± 0.3

11 ± 0.32

14 ± 0.05

12 ± 0.3

–

–

–

–

13 ± 0.26

14 ± 0.36

10 ± 0.05

–

12 ± 0.11

11 ± 0.05

–

21 ± 0.69

Geotrichum candidum

9 ± 0.15

8 ± 0.28

10 ± 0.1

13 ± 0.0

    

15 ± 0.1

15 ± 0.2

9 ± 0.0

–

9 ± 0.1

15 ± 0.2

–

24 ± 0.1

Dermatophytes(b)

Amphotericin B

               

Microsporum canis

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

24 ± 0.5

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

23 ± 0.08

Gram Positive Bacteria(a)

Gentamycin

               

Staphylococcus aureus

11 ± 0.1

9 ± 0.15

10 ± 0.11

16 ± 0.11

    

20 ± 0.05

17 ± 0.15

–

–

8 ± 0.15

13 ± 0.05

–

24 ± 0.15

Bacillus subtilis

9 ± 0.15

10 ± 0.2

11 ± 0.2

15 ± 0.2

–

–

–

–

12 ± 0.15

9 ± 0.25

–

–

9 ± 0.1

12 ± 0.15

–

26 ± 0.25

Staphylococcus epidermidis

13 ± 0.2

–

9 ± 0.05

11 ± 0.11

–

–

–

–

15 ± 0.23

16 ± 0.2

–

–

8 ± 0.25

10 ± 0.26

–

28 ± 0.05

Streptococcus mutans

–

–

8 ± 0.1

9 ± 0.15

–

–

–

–

11 ± 0.23

10 ± 0.05

–

–

–

8 ± 0.32

–

20 ± 0.20

Streptococcus pyogenes

8 ± 0.35

–

8 ± 0.2

12 ± 0.2

–

–

–

–

13 ± 0.20

8 ± 0.1

–

–

–

10 ± 0.15

–

22 ± 0.17

Gram Negatvie Bacteria(a)

Gentamycin

               

Salmonella typhimurium

8 ± 0.1

–

8 ± 0.0

12 ± 0.15

–

–

–

–

9 ± 0.11

12 ± 0.05

–

–

–

10 ± 0.15

–

21 ± 0.52

Escherichia coli

11 ± 0.37

9 ± 0.1

12 ± 0.2

15 ± 0.15

–

–

–

–

13 ± 0.11

17 ± 0.11

–

–

10 ± 0.15

14 ± 0.05

–

20 ± 0.2

Klebsiella pneumonia

18 ± 0.2

–

11 ± 0.05

13 ± 0.11

14 ± 0.05

18 ± 0.17

13 ± 0.15

16 ± 0.1

11 ± 0.1

13 ± 0.2

–

–

9 ± 0.2

12 ± 0.11

–

17 ± 0.05

Proteus vulgaris

12 ± 0.2

8 ± 0.25

16 ± 0.2

16 ± 0.05

–

–

–

–

10 ± 0.2

10 ± 0.11

–

–

–

15 ± 0.15

–

25 ± 0.15

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

8 ± 0.2

–

9 ± 0.2

12 ± 0.26

–

–

–

–

8 ± 0.3

8 ± 0.35

–

–

–

9 ± 0.26

–

19 ± 0.26

  1. 1: Total ethanolic extract (T-EtOH), 2: Total Lipoidal matters (TL), 3: Unsaponifiable matters (Un.), 4: Saponifiable matters (Sap.), 5: Chloroform extract (CHCl3), 6: Butanol extract (BuOH), 6-F1: Butanol fraction-1, 6-F1-subfr.7: Butanol fraction 1-subfraction-7, 6-F2: Butanol fraction-2, 6-F3: Butanol fraction-3, and 7: Remaining aqueous, -: negative; The test was done using the diffusion agar technique:(a) Grown on nutrient medium agar,(b) on potato dextrose agar (PDA), well diameter: 6.0 mm (100 µl was tested), samples were tested at 10 mg/ml concentration.
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