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Gain-enhanced petal-shaped MIMO antenna system with FSS loading for sub-6 GHz V2X communications
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  • Published: 03 March 2026

Gain-enhanced petal-shaped MIMO antenna system with FSS loading for sub-6 GHz V2X communications

  • Bhaskara Rao Perli1,
  • K. Sathish2,
  • Aarti Bansal3,
  • Tathababu Addepalli4,
  • Baddireddy Satya Sridevi4,
  • Manish Sharma5 &
  • …
  • Kanhaiya Sharma6 

Scientific Reports , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article

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We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.

Subjects

  • Energy science and technology
  • Engineering

Abstract

In this research work, a compact dual-port petal-shaped MIMO antenna printed on FR4-substrate with volume of 24 × 24 × 0.787 mm3 is presented for vehicle-to-everything (5.85–5.95 GHz) wireless communication. The gain-enhancement is also achieved by loading frequency-selective-surface array (FSSV2X) of size 204 mm×204 mm printed on one surface of FR4 substrate with 1.60 mm thickness which records measured peak-realized-gain of 7.58 dBi within the operating-bandwidth of 4.12–6.92 GHz. High measured isolation of more than 25.0 dB is also achieved by placing multiple discontinuous rectangular strips between ground by an angle of 45°. The permissible diversity parameter also records excellent performance with ECCV2X<0.50, DGV2X>9.95 dB, TARCV2X<0.0 dB and CCLV2X<0.40 b/s/Hz. The above features of FSS-loaded MIMO antenna is a good candidate for vehicle-to-vehicle automotive (V2V), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) applications.

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Data availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

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Funding

Open access funding provided by Symbiosis International (Deemed University).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of ECE, St. Ann’s College of Engineering and Technology, Chirala, India

    Bhaskara Rao Perli

  2. Department of ECE, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India

    K. Sathish

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Aarti Bansal

  4. Department of ECE, Aditya University, Surampalem, India

    Tathababu Addepalli & Baddireddy Satya Sridevi

  5. Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 203201, India

    Manish Sharma

  6. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Constituent of Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, 412115, India

    Kanhaiya Sharma

Authors
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Contributions

Bhaskara Rao Perli, K Sathish, Aarti Bansal—worked on Conceptualisation and methodology; Tathababu Addepalli—Conducted the formal analysis. B. Satya Sridevi—conducted the experiment, investigation and review the original draft. Manish Sharma—Review. Kanhaiya Sharma—Review.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Manish Sharma or Kanhaiya Sharma.

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Cite this article

Perli, B.R., Sathish, K., Bansal, A. et al. Gain-enhanced petal-shaped MIMO antenna system with FSS loading for sub-6 GHz V2X communications. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41292-x

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  • Received: 07 January 2026

  • Accepted: 19 February 2026

  • Published: 03 March 2026

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41292-x

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Keywords

  • MIMO antenna
  • FSS
  • 5G V2X communication
  • automotive communication systems
  • diversity-performance
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