Table 4 Differential expression of candidate circulating miRNAs in Luminal B breast cancer cases versus controls.

From: Integrating circulating microRNAs with epidemiological factors enhances breast cancer detection across subtypes: the MCC-Spain study

miRNA

TMM

cases*

TMM

controls*

log2(FC)

Fold change*

Odds ratio

(95% CI)**

P**

Odds ratio

(95% CI)***

P***

miR-101-3p

1.385

1.965

 − 0.580

0.669

0.39 (0.19–0.82)

0.012

0.45 (0.12–1.68)

0.233

miR-139-5p

 − 3.994

 − -4.494

0.500

1.414

1.37 (0.85–2.20)

0.196

1.62 (0.75–3.49)

0.221

miR-186-5p

 − 3.822

 − 3.501

 − 0.321

0.801

0.67 (0.32–1.38)

0.276

0.30 (0.10–0.88)

0.053

miR-423-3p

 − 0.944

 − 1.276

0.332

1.259

2.25 (1.06–4.77)

0.034

2.34 (0.53–3.39)

0.110

  1. TMM (trimmed mean of M-values): Method used for miRNA expression normalization.
  2. Fold change (FC): Ratio of expression between cases and controls (FC > 1 indicates overexpression; FC < 1 indicates underexpression). log₂(FC) is the base-2 logarithmic transformation of FC.
  3. Crude (unadjusted) vs. Adjusted (** and ***): The unadjusted model does not control for any confounders; the second model is adjusted for all miRNAs included in the final set; the third model also adjusts for age, menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), family history of breast cancer, smoking status, alcohol intake, use of hormonal contraceptives, history of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), education level, and region of recruitment.
  4. P values are nominal and not corrected for multiple testing; results should be interpreted as exploratory.
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