Table 3 The effect of Cs, Se and Cs–Se NPs on morpho-physiological properties of two barley cultivars (Mv Initium, Tectus) under salt stress (0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl). In each column, values followed by the same letter(s) do not have significant difference at α = 0.05. Distilled water was used as a control.

0

Mv Initium

Control

39.66 ^d

29.70 ^ef

0.76 ^d

0.09 ^f

Cs

44.36 ^b

34.70 ^ab

0.86 ^b

0.18 ^b

Se

42.66 ^c

32.10 ^c

0.79 ^c

0.13 ^d

Cs–Se

47.53 ^a

35.60 ^a

0.91 ^a

0.2 ^a

Tectus

Control

33.26 ^h

30.34 ^de

0.51 ^j

0.03 ^l

Cs

43.93 ^cd

31.74 ^cd

0.58 ^h

0.07 ^h

Se

34.93 ^gh

29.42 ^ef

0.54 ⁱ

0.05 ^k

Cs–Se

44.36 ^b

35.93 ^a

0.67 ^f

0.06 ⁱ

100 mM

Mv Initium

Control

31.66 ^ij

30.43 ^de

0.54 ⁱ

0.06 ⁱ

Cs

38.93 ^de

31.95 ^cd

0.70 ^e

0.10 ^e

Se

34.66 ^gh

29.65 ^ef

0.65 ^fg

0.07 ^h

Cs–Se

37 ^ef

32.70 ^c

0.79 ^c

0.14 ^c

Tectus

Control

31.90 ^ij

28.16 ^f

0.43 ^kl

0.02 ^m

Cs

33.33 ^h

31.00 ^cd

0.54 ⁱ

0.05 ^k

Se

32.60 ⁱ

30.65 ^de

0.45 ^k

0.03 ^l

Cs–Se

39.93 ^d

32.40 ^c

0.53 ^ij

0.05 ^k

Mv Initium

Control

28.73 ^kl

26.34 ^g

0.34 ^mn

0.02 ^m

Cs

31.36 ^ij

31.49 ^cd

0.62 ^g

0.08 ^g

200 mM

Se

29.20 ^jk

27.64 ^fg

0.36 ^m

0.04 ^kl

Cs–Se

35.63 ^fg

30.56 ^de

0.60 ^gh

0.12 ^d

Tectus

Control

28.33 ^kl

24.34 ^h

0.31 ⁿ

0.02 ^m

Cs

31.13 ^ij

30.56 ^de

0.45 ^k

0.03 ^l

Se

30.83 ^jk

26.42 ^g

0.37 ^m

0.02 ^m

Cs–Se

31.30 ^ij

32.16 ^c

0.43 ^kl

0.04 ^kl