Table 13 Results of Wilcoxon signed-rank test and confidence intervals.

From: An enhanced diabetic retinopathy detection approach using optimized deep learning technique

Metric

SMOTE-Balanced vs. Original

SMOTE + Tuning vs.

SMOTE-Balanced

SMOTE + Tuning vs. Original

AUC-ROC

p-value: 0.001,

CI: [0.03, 0.08]

p-value: 0.02,

CI: [0.01, 0.04]

p-value: 0.02,

CI: [0.04, 0.10]

F1-Score (Mild DR)

p-value: 0.003,

CI: [0.10, 0.20]

p-value: 0.05,

CI: [0.02, 0.08]

p-value: 0.01,

CI: [0.18, 0.28]

Precision (Mild DR)

p-value: 0.04,

CI: [0.03, 0.08]

p-value: 0.03,

CI: [0.02, 0.06]

p-value: 0.01,

CI: [0.08, 0.14]

Recall (Mild DR)

p-value: 0.0001,

CI: [0.20, 0.35]

p-value: 0.02,

CI: [0.03, 0.09]

p-value: 0.01,

CI: [0.25, 0.40]