Fig. 11 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 11

From: Synergistic anticancer activity of frankincense aqueous extract with sorafenib in HepG2 cells and its UHPLC–QTOF–MS/MS-based metabolomic profiling

Fig. 11The alt text for this image may have been generated using AI.

(a) Cell cycle distribution of HepG2 cells following 48 h of treatment with frankincense aqueous extract (FrAE, 55.48 µg/ml), sorafenib (SOR, 4.28 µM), and their combination (18.44 µg/ml FrAE + 1.84 µM SOR), corresponding to a 10:1 combination ratio treatment, as determined using DNA cytometry analysis compared with control (untreated cells). (b) The percentage of cells in each phase of the cell cycle was depicted as a bar graph of mean ± SD; n = 3. (c) The pre-G1 phase was plotted as the percentage of the total cell population.*Statistically significant from control at p < 0.0001, #significantly different from Sorafenib group at p < 0.05, and (d) mRNA expression levels of the cell cycle-related gene P21 were assessed by qPCR after 24 h of treatment. *Statistically significant from control, #significantly different from Sorafenib group at p ≤ 0.0001.

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