Fig. 10 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 10

From: Medicinal and aromatic plants as climate-smart crops: case studies on Pelargonium graveolens and Viola odorata under Egyptian conditions

Fig. 10The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Qualitative radar comparison of six medicinal and aromatic plant species (geranium, violet, rose, lavender, basil, jasmine) on four normalized metrics: oxygen production potential, CO2 absorption capacity, low-footprint score, and oil yield. Data synthesized from literature (2018 to 2025). Geranium exhibits the most balanced profile (strong environmental metrics, moderate yield). Extraction method emerges as key determinant: steam-distilled oils (rose, lavender, geranium) show better environmental profiles than solvent-extracted absolutes (jasmine, violet), despite comparable cultivation-phase productivity. Key Takeaway: Extraction method (steam vs. solvent) is the primary driver of environmental performance differences.

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