Abstract
This paper mainly investigates the influence of initiation mode and structural parameters of composite charge on detonation waveform and kinetic energy conversion efficiency of driving shell. The simulation was carried out by using AUTODYN software. The results provided the detonation waveform and the final kinetic energy of the shell under different charge structure parameters and initiation mode, and the kinetic energy conversion efficiency from the initial energy of the composite charge to the kinetic energy of the shell was calculated. The orthogonal optimization method is used to study and analyze the kinetic energy and kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the shell with three factors and each level, and the best parameter combination scheme is obtained. The three factors are the detonation velocity matching relationship between the inner and outer explosives of the composite charge, the initiation mode and the loading ratio of the inner and outer explosives. From the perspective of detonation waveform, the results show that when the inner layer is high detonation velocity explosive and the outer layer is low detonation velocity explosive, the detonation waveform is convex wave. On the contrary, under the explosive matching relationship of low detonation velocity in the inner layer and high detonation velocity in the outer layer, the detonation waveform is concave wave. From the perspective of the kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the shell, the results show that the kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the shell is the largest under the charge structure with the inner layer of low detonation velocity explosive and the outer layer of high detonation velocity explosive, loading ratio of the inner and outer explosives is 0.25 and the initiation mode is the initiation of the center point at the bottom of both ends. The research results can provide support for the design of composite charge structure.
Data availability
The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to programming privacy in structural design.
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Funding
This research was funded by the Shanxi Province Basic research program free exploration category youth fund project, Grant Number 202203021212136; Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant Number 2024M760012; Supported by the Open Research Fund of Shanxi Key Laboratory of High-end Equipment Reliability Technology under Grant Number GDZBKKX—15.
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Conceptualization, L.Z. and J.Y.; Methodology, L.Z.; Software, L.Z.; Validation, L.Z.; Investigation, L.Z. and X.L.; Experiment, L.Z.; Data curation, L.Z.; Writing - original draft preparation, L.Z.; Writing - review and editing, L.Z. and J.Y.; Supervision, L.Z.; Project administration, L.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Zhao, L., Yin, J. & Li, X. Study on the influence of composite charge structure and initiation mode on the kinetic energy conversion efficiency of shell. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43979-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43979-7
