Fig. 9

(a) XRD scattering curves of crystalline PEO (red) collected with an 8.04 keV laboratory source, showing high ordering of collapsed chains (red curve) that exert intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The two prominent intensity peaks at q=13.5 nm⁻¹ and 16.5 nm⁻¹ (4.6 Å and 3.8 Å) vanish upon dissolution in water as shown in the violet to blue curves (chains are relaxed, see Fig. 10b). (b) Scattering curves (I(q); averaged over 211200 frames that were collected on the SPB/SFX instrument) of various liquid (compound) jets. The data was generated with a photon energy of 11 keV (9.3 keV for the green curve). The applied liquid flow rates were \(Q_{i, \text {water}}=20\) µL/min plus \(Q_{o,\text {water}}=20\) µL/min (blue curve), \(Q_{i,\text {water}}=20\) µL/min plus \(Q_{o,\text {PEO}}=20\) µL/min (red curve, \(c_{\text {PEO,eff}} \approx 0.5\% \text {(w/v)}\)), and \(Q_{i,\text {water}}=25\) µL/min plus \(Q_{o,\text {EtOH}}=40\) µL/min (green curve), respectively. The helium mass flow rate was \(\dot{m}_g=\)32 mg/min in all cases. The inlay shows the S(q) plot for the water jet curve.