Fig. 2 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 2

From: Adapalene, an RAR agonist, exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating macrophage polarization through RAR\(\upbeta\)-mediated signaling pathways

Fig. 2

Adapalene reduces LPS-stimulated MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling in murine macrophages. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with or without adapalene (10, 100, or 1000 nM) for 1 h and then stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 30 min. Total cellular proteins were resolved using SDS-PAGE and detected using specific antibodies against p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK, p-ERK, ERK (A), p-Akt, Akt, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-STAT3, and STAT3 (B). β-actin was used as an internal control. Membranes were cut prior to antibody incubation; all available uncropped images are provided in the Supplementary Information. Original full-length images for certain replicates are unavailable due to loss of original acquisition files. Representative results are shown and density analysis is presented as the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments in lower panel. AD; adapalene, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. control; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 vs. LPS alone.

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