Table 2 Physical properties of binder materials.

From: Data-driven optimisation of sustainable high-performance concrete incorporating SCMs, biomass ash, and graphene nanoplatelets

Property

Cement

FA

GGBS

TTCB

GNP (xGnP-C300)

Specific gravity (g/cm3)

3.13

2.25

2.92

1.98

0.32

Blaine fineness (m2/kg)

355

315

410

165

Bulk density (kg/m3)

1120

780

1180

420

45

Avg. particle dia. (µm)

14.5

19.0

11.0

9.5

≈ 2

Specific surface area (m2/g)

0.34

0.31

0.46

0.12

305

GNP thickness (nm)

2

GNP lateral size (µm)

2.2

Carbon content (%)

99.6