Table 3 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease prevalence.

Variable	Category	β	SB	Wald	P	OR	95% CI
Gender	Female	0.09	0.28	0.32	0.752	1.09	0.63–1.88
Gender	Male
BMI	Overweight or obese	0.38	0.03	11.98	< 0.001	1.46	1.38–1.56
BMI	Normal weight
Ethnicity	Han	-0.12	0.36	-0.34	0.732	0.88	0.44–1.78
Ethnicity	Ethnic minority
Parental occupation	Non-farmer	22.108	20.213	0.015	0.999	0.097	2.010–9.218
Parental occupation	Farmer
Monthly family income	≤ 5 thousand yuan	-0.096	0.297	0.104	0.748	0.909	0.508–1.626
Monthly family income	> 5 thousand yuan
Family history of MASLD	No	2.29	0.42	5.48	< 0.001	9.92	4.37–22.54
Family history of MASLD	Yes
Personality	Extroverted	0.16	0.28	0.56	0.573	1.17	0.68–2.01
Personality	Introverted
Often eat hot dogs/grilled skewers	No	0.90	0.29	3.08	0.002	2.46	1.39–4.37
Often eat hot dogs/grilled skewers	Yes
Often consume cola, milk tea, desserts	No	-0.32	0.29	-1.12	0.262	0.73	0.41–1.27
Often consume cola, milk tea, desserts	Yes
Often eat fresh vegetables and fruits	No	-1.46	0.31	-4.77	< 0.001	0.23	0.13–0.42
Often eat fresh vegetables and fruits	Yes
Balanced meat and vegetable diet	No	-0.18	0.33	-0.55	0.584	0.83	0.43–1.60
Balanced meat and vegetable diet	Yes
Often dine out	No	1.55	0.28	5.57	< 0.001	4.72	2.73–8.16
Often dine out	Yes
Sleep disorders	No	0.02	0.29	0.07	0.943	1.02	0.58–1.79
Sleep disorders	Yes

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