Table 1 Classification criteria for CCD (\(\:{D}_{pt}\)).

From: Spatial spillovers in producer services–manufacturing coordination: evidence from Chinese provinces

Coupling coordination level

Extreme Dissonance

Severe Dissonance

Intermediate Dissonance

Primary Dissonance

Threatened Dissonance

Coupled coordination D-value

0.00 < D ≤ 0.10

0.10 < D ≤ 0.20

0.20 < D ≤ 0.30

0.30 < D ≤ 0.40

0.40 < D ≤ 0.50

Coupling coordination level

Barely coordinated

Primary coordination

Intermediate coordination

Good coordination

Quality coordination

Coupled coordination D-value

0.50 < D ≤ 0.60

0.60 < D ≤ 0.70

0.70 < D ≤ 0.80

0.80 < D ≤ 0.90

0.90 < D ≤ 1.00