Fig. 4

Robustness verification in the independent temporal validation cohort. (A) Confusion matrix of the LR model applied to the 2024 temporal validation cohort. (B) ROC analysis comparing the discrimination of the LR model versus the admission NIHSS score alone in the validation set. (C) Reclassification analysis illustrating the incremental clinical value (NRI and IDI) of the LR model over the NIHSS score. (D) Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) in the temporal validation cohort, indicating the range of threshold probabilities where the LR model provides superior net benefit.