Fig. 1

Regional effect size maps for raw volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) measures comparing MSA subtypes and PD at baseline and 12-month follow-up. The colors indicate Cohen’s d for significant regions after multiple comparison correction. Warm colors indicate higher raw regional values in MSA than PD, and cool colors indicate lower raw regional values in MSA than PD. Uncolored regions are not significant. Renderings without coloring show non-significant findings. The color bar reflects Cohen’s d and not raw values.