Fig. 2

Example of the LIBS pre-processing workflow applied to a representative spectrum: (a) raw spectrum, (b) Savitzky–Golay smoothing, (c) interpolation at 0.1 nm, and (d) max normalization.

Example of the LIBS pre-processing workflow applied to a representative spectrum: (a) raw spectrum, (b) Savitzky–Golay smoothing, (c) interpolation at 0.1 nm, and (d) max normalization.