Abstract
Entanglement dynamics are fundamental to quantum technologies, yet controlling their temporal evolution in a reversible and stable manner remains challenging. We propose a solid-state framework based on the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction, realizable in gate-defined quantum dots or suspended structures, in which two spin qubits couple to a central spin qudit that mediates an effective, time-dependent exchange. The dynamics are governed by an exchange-time integral that unifies interaction strength and physical time into a single scalar control variable, enabling time-reversible and cyclic navigation of the Hilbert space. Crucially, we show that out-of-phase modulation grants access to higher entanglement subspaces, while introducing damping to the exchange modulation achieves stabilized trajectories that drive the system toward stationary entanglement values. This framework provides a systematic route for shaping entanglement dynamics, particularly in the near-boundary regime, using exchange control alone, overcoming the limitations of monotonic evolution and offering practical strategies for entanglement stabilization in realistic solid-state architectures, with direct relevance to quantum metrology and environment-assisted entanglement engineering.
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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its Supplementary Information files). The codes used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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The codes used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
One of the authors (S.-H.C.) thanks Chang Yen Jui and Tsung-Wei Huang for valuable discussions.
Funding
S.G.T. was supported by the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) of Taiwan under Grant No. NSTC 114-2112-M-034-001. C.-R.C. was supported by the NSTC under Grant No. NSTC 114-2112-M-033-005.
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S.-H.C. proposed the setup, conducted the theoretical investigation and performed the numerical simulations and analysis. S.G.T. and C.-R.C. contributed to the device design and the improvement of modeling and device realizability. All authors discussed the results and reviewed the manuscript.
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Chen, SH., Tan, S.G. & Chang, CR. Navigating entanglement via Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida exchange: oscillatory, boundary-residing, pulsed, and damping-stabilized trajectories. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-47292-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-47292-1
